Students and China
Students United Kingdom and Ireland
In the past, the term "student" was reserved for people studying at University level in the U.K. Children studying at school were called pupils or schoolchildren. However, the American-English use of the word "student" to include pupils of all ages, even at elementary level, is now spreading to Britain, as also other places where British English is primarily used, such as Australia and Singapore. In South Africa, the term "learner" is preferred.
In England and Wales, teenagers who attend a college or secondary school for further education are typical called "sixth formers". If pupils follow the average pattern of school attendance, pupils will be in the "lower sixth" between the ages of 16 and 17, and the "upper sixth" between 17 and 18. They "go up" to University after the upper sixth.
In Scotland pupils sit Highers at the end of fifth year after which it is possible for them to gain entry to university. However, many do not achieve the required grades and remain at school for sixth year. Even among those that do achieve the necessary grades it is common to remain at school and undertake further study and then start university at the same time as their friends and peers.
At universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland the term "fresher" is used to describe new students who are just beginning their first year. Although it is not unusual to call someone a fresher after their first few weeks at University, they are typically referred to as first years. There is little derogatory connotation to this name in the UK, except for an occasional reference to "freshers" in a tone that implies naivety. More commonly, it will be used in a kindly fashion. For instance, a University official might ask a student if they are a fresher without any hint of a put down.
The term, "first year" is the more commonly used and connotation free term for students in their first year. The week at the start of a new year is called "Freshers' Week" or "Welcome Week", with a programme of special events to welcome new students. An undergraduate in the last year of study before graduation is generally known as a "finalist", or simply a third year or a fourth year.
The ancient Scottish University of St Andrews uses the terms "bejant" for a first year (from the French "bec-jaune" - "yellow beak", "fledgling"). Second years are called "semi-bejants", third years are known as "tertians", and fourth years, or others in their final year of study, are called "magistrands".
For school pupils, first of all is primary school and it starts off with an optional "nursery" year followed by Reception and then move on to "year one, year two" and so on until "year six". In state schools, children join secondary school when they are 11-12 years old in what used to be called "first form" and is now known as "year 7". They go up to year 11 and then join the sixth form, either at the same school or at a separate Sixth form college. A student entering a private, fee-paying school would join the "third form" - equivalent to year 9. Many schools have an alternate name for first years, some with a derogatory basis, but in others acting merely as a description - for example "shells" or "grubs".
CSSA
The Chinese Students and Scholars Association (CSSA) is the official organization for overseas Chinese students and scholars registered in most colleges, universities, and institutions outside of China. CSSA is mostly responsible for helping away-from-home Chinese in their life, study, work, and other issues. CSSA also serves as a bridge between the Chinese and other communities, spreading Chinese culture.
Students
The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb studēre, meaning "to direct one's zeal at"; hence a student could be described as "one who directs zeal at a subject". In its widest use, student is used for anyone who is learning.
In the past, the term "student" was reserved for people studying at University level in the U.K. Children studying at school were called pupils or schoolchildren (or schoolboys or schoolgirls). However, the American-English use of the word "student" to include pupils of all ages, even at elementary level, is now spreading to Britain (particularly in the state sector), as also other places where British English is primarily used, such as Australia and Singapore. In South Africa, the term "learner" is also used.
In England and Wales, teenagers who attend a college or secondary school for further education are typically called "sixth formers". If pupils follow the average pattern of school attendance, pupils will be in the "lower sixth" between the ages of 16 and 17, and the "upper sixth" between 17 and 18, however many schools still refer to them as "Year 12" and "Year 13". They "go up" to University after the upper sixth.
In Scotland pupils sit Highers at the end of fifth year (when aged 16-17) after which it is possible for them to gain entry to university. However, many do not achieve the required grades and remain at school for sixth year. Even among those that do achieve the necessary grades it is common to remain at school and undertake further study (i.e. other subjects or Advanced Highers) and then start university at the same time as their friends and peers.